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Right wing authoritarians are winning elections around the world running on a combination of economic populism, xenophobia and social conservatism. The xenophobia and social conservatism cement a marginal base. The economic populism adds enough protest votes to make a plurality.
In the 20th century, the people of the world were promised constant and dramatic economic and social progress. In almost all countries, however, reality is nowhere near meeting expectations for the majority of the people. In rich countries, half or more of the population has been falling backwards for generations, while billions of people still live in conditions of oppressive poverty.
Everywhere, parties representing centrism, liberalism, social democracy, progressivism, left populism and socialism are failing to offer voters convincing plans to deliver the progress that people were promised. They’re also failing to provide credible solutions — or often any solutions at all — to the greatest threats to human life such as climate change, pollution, and pandemics, and to provide access to quality health care, education, and public infrastructure.
Why are so many political parties representing such different ideologies, working in such different countries, all failing to point the way to prosperity, security and health for their people?
Rapid, sweeping economic progress used to be a common occurrence in the world. Dozens of countries went from poverty to prosperity in just a few generations — or in some cases even one. They did it under liberalism, capitalism and democracy. They did it under social democracy, socialism, communism, and under monarchs. They did it in peacetime and war, through revolution, and through incremental reform.
Nearly every country that went from poverty to prosperity followed a common playbook. They learned the playbook by studying the countries that went before them. Many of their leaders lived and worked in those countries and watched their transformations with their own eyes, and often participated in them. Each country improved on the playbook and developed better tools, institutions and technology to make the process go faster.
Some countries benefited from colonialism or slavery while they developed. Others didn’t. Some did it with outrageous levels of inequality for much of their development, others did the exact opposite.
The first countries to get rich all at some point found themselves declining, collapsing, or being totally destroyed by war. So we also have many examples of already-industrialized countries with already-high living standards going through second, third and fourth rapid growth processes.
In this first class offered by New Consensus, we’ll cover:
We’ll read and discuss (sometimes with the authors!) selections from works that cover:
Bad Samaritans, by Ha-Joon Chang.
Concrete Economics, by Stephen Cohen and Brad DeLong
The Entrepreneurial State, by Mariana Mazzucato
Invisible Hands, by Kim Phillips-Fein
Destructive Creation, by Mark Wilson
When Small States Make Big Leaps, by Darius Ornston
MITI and the Japanese Miracle, by Chalmers Johnson
Princes of the Yen, by Richard Werner
Locked in Place: State-Building and Late Industrialization in India, by Vivek Chibber
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, by Walter Rodney
Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not: Global Economic Divergence, 1600–1850, by Prasannan Parthasarathi
Unprecedented Power: Jesse Jones, Capitalism, and the Common Good, by Steven Fenberg
The Reckoning, by David Halberstam
Saving Capitalism: The Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the New Deal, 1933-1940, by James Stuart Olson